Improvement in magneto-electric machines



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A. DAVIS. V MAGNETOELEOTRIG MACHINE.

No. 11,415. Patented Aug.-1, 1854.

IHIHHIIIIH H1 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

A. DAVIS. MAGNBTOELEGTBIG MACHINE.

N0. 11,415. Patented. Aug. 1, 1854.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARI DAVIS, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN MAGNETO-ELECTRI C MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. I 1,415, dated August 1, 1854.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARI DAVIS, of the city and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Magneto-Electric Machines, of

which the'following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference beinghad to the annexed drawings, of which-- Figure 1 is a plan of the machine within the box. Fig 2 is an enlarged view of the apparatus for changing the currents. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the insulated journal, and Fig. 4is a view of the magnet and regulating armature with the side of the box removed.

My improvement consists in certain arrangements of the parts of a magneto-electric machine for medicinal purposes with a view to obtain compactness, lightness, durability, efficiency, and chcapness; and the association of all these desirable advantages 1 have accomplished by the means hereinafter specified. In machines for medical purposes all these qualities are desirable, and, owing to-the rough usage to which such machines are subjected, it became very important to guide against in juries from handling, and at the same time to make the machines light and portable, more especially in my improved arrangement, where three important parts of the machine must be accessible to the operatorsviz., the crank, the device for regulating the strength of the shocks, and the device also for converting the action of the machine from adirect current to an alternating or to-and-fro current.

First. The machine is similar in general principle to the well-known magneto-electric machine, having been rendered as compact as possible in the manner soon to be described. I

place it within and fasten'it to a suitable box provided with a lock and key. The crank-shaft enters the side of the box, or is just within the box, opposite the hole a, and is reached by the crank-handle in the same manner as the pin beneath a clock-face is reached by the key, and the crank-handle may be secured byserewing on or welding on, either at pleasure.

Second. The device for regulating the strength of the shocks consists of an armature of soft iron, b, pivoted to the lower leg of the magnet c and connected .with the handle 01, by which its motions are controlled. When it is desired to increase the shocks from the ma chiue the upper end of the armature is with drawn by means of the handle d from the upper leg of the magnet, and when it is desired to diminish the shocks this end is pushed back upon the magnet. The handle (1 passes through the side of the box, as shown in the drawings.

Third. The device for changing the action of the machine from a direct to a to-and-fro current, and vice versa, consists of a handle or lever, f, and pivoted at f, and connected with the handle 6, which also penetrates the side of the box, and two diiferently-shaped conductors upon the shaft of the machine, which are represented in Figs. 1 and 2. These are indicated by letters 9 and h, respectively. 9 is a square portion of the shaft, and adjoining it is the cam-shaped portion h. The conductingspring 70 is controlled by and moves with the lever f, so that when this lever is pushed to and fro it brings the conducting-spring successively upon the square and camshaped portions 9 and h. When the spring lies over the square portion 9, as the shaft revolves the four corners of this portion come into contact successively with the spring, and it the spring and shaft together complete the magneto-electric circuit the successive breaks and contacts of the corners and spring produce so many shocks, and in each half-revolution the direction of these currents is opposite. These are called the toand-fro currents. When the spring is over the cam-shaped portion it there is but one contact to a revolution, and one break, and consequently the shock in this case is due to a current of one direction. It has been established by skillful practitioners that these two orders of currents or shocks must be administered in reference to pathological necessities, and it is important to provide. for them in the magnetoelectric machine.

There are, then, three important parts, as before mentioned and described, which must be accessible to operators, and I have shown how these parts are accessible without liability of deranging the machinery. The handles d and e and the crank are'all outside, and in the lower division of the box or case; and the box may be locked and the key kept out of sight; or in case of loaning the apparatus the key may be retained and yet the apparatus be per fectly available and secure.

The improvement I am about to claim consists in the device by which .I am enabled to dispense with one of the two conductin g-sprin gs usual in magneto-electric machines. This feature is quite important in regard to the compactness, portability, and cheapness of the apparatus. It is represented in Fig 3.

Instead cf making the journal of the shaft Z metallically continuous with it, it is made of a separate piece of metal, and insulated from the shaft.

m is thejournal, having its hearing at n, in the metallic frame-work 0. This journal, which is a piece of steel wire, is wrapped with a piece of pasteboard or other insulating material, and driven into a hollow or socket in the shaft, as seen at p.

The arniatures, covered with their helices in the usual manner, are designated by letters r 4*. They are set off from or toward the magnet by means of the set-screw 8. One extremity of the Wire of the helices is connected with the shaft Z and the other with the insulated journal m, and thenthe circuit is completed through the frame with the spring-conductor k. This insulation of the journal of the shaft simplifies the construction of the machine, renders it less liable to derangement, and enables me to make the whole within a smaller compass, inasmuch as it dispenses with one of thetwo conductingsprings, with its attachments, usual in other machines. It will be readily perceived-how very great the convenience is of having only one conducting-spring in a portable machine like mine, where themachine is fastened to the box so as not to be readily removed. These conducting-springs require frequent adj ustment, and this could not be readily done if they were arranged vertically, as in most machines for other purposes, as there would not be room enough to get at them, and if the springs were horizontal and on opposite sides of the shaft, the lower one would also be difficult to get at. The one conducting-spring I now employ is horizontal and perfectly accessible for repair and adjustment.

Among the advantages gained by the employment of the one spring is the saving of friction, which is an important item in machines worked at such high velocities as these.

What claim as my invention is- The insulation of the journal of the shaft, in combination with the single eonducting-sprin g, in magneto-electric machines, as herein described.

ARI DAVlS.

Witnesses:

Tues. E. WARREN, E. GODDARD. 

